Walkalong says:
30 shot groups in the real world will show shooter error more than a lack of pure accuracy potential.
That depends on how one shoots them. If you’re shooting the way most folks test ammo, rifle held against the shoulder and its fore end resting atop some rest on a bench top and there’s a lot of recoil, then 30 consecutive shots will start making you shoot less accurate after 15, sometimes only 10 shots. And it’s harder with heavier (1 pound or more) trigger pull weights than lighter ones (less than a pound). Anytime most folks shoot a rifle atop a bench in any way other than free recoil (rifle’s untouched by humans except for pinching off it’s few-ounce trigger), the accuracy they get will be all over the place. That’s ‘cause the rifle moves off the desired aiming point while the bullet’s going down the barrel.
High power rifle competitors often shoot 25 to 30 consecutive shots in 20 to 25 minutes slung up in prone in long range matches. And folks on international teams shooting the prone match (either smallbore rimfire or high power centerfire) shoot 60 record shots in 75 minutes. Their last 5 shots are fired with the same aiming and let off precision as the first 5 are. Many of these folks test rifles and ammo shooting this way but put a sand bag under their front hand holding the fore arm and another under the stock’s toe; this lets them hold 1/10th MOA (or better) on the target instead of 3/4ths MOA without the bags. In the “real world” when absolute accuracy without human intervention is needed, they’ll clamp their rifles in a machine rest that equals the rail guns (unlimited class) benchresters, Sierra Bullets and military arsenals use. One can shoot as many consecutive shots as the rest doesn’t get tired. Here’s a link to a web site showing the machine rest David Tubb (and others) uses testing his Model 2000 rifles using his own properly full length sized cases:
http://www.flickr.com/photos/12787226@N00/sets/72157594303093714/detail/
Something Vague has several comments:
I think that you're over analyzing what you think is taking place inside the chamber as the round is being fired.
I don’t think so; but I do think I’m “under” analyzing ‘cause there’s one thing I don’t quite understand. Read on.
But wouldn't a neck sized only case have it's shoulder tighter against the chamber as if it was a mold, therefore creating a better chance of the bullet being centered than if the shoulder had been set back again by the F/L die?
Fired case dimensions are not the same as chamber dimensions. Cases from bolt action rifles spring back a bit from the chamber walls as pressure drops; if they didn’t, they would be hard to fully chamber (unless oriented the same as when fired) due to both case and chamber not being perfectly round. Measure a fired case and the chamber it came out of and you’ll see how much smaller the case dimensions are compared to the chamber’s. And in rifles with a spring-loaded plunger type ejector and the bolt closed, the plunger pushes the loaded round forward in the chamber until the case shoulder stops against the chamber shoulder.
It’s not good for accuracy if the bolt binds somewhat when closed on a tight-fitting case (one whose headspace is greater than chamber headspace resulting in a “crush” fit). When this happens, the locking lugs won’t seat at the same place for each shot and that causes irregular barrel whipping while the bullet’s going down the bore and it won’t leave at the same place for each shot.
For years people have been neck sizing and claiming better results than if they F/L sized.
And others claim proper full length sizing is the most accurate. Here's a few:
* Virtually all high power rifle National Champions. Many of their test groups are smaller than benchrest records. But the groups they shoot in competition are much bigger as they're not shot from a rest.
* Many benchresters have switched to full length sizing.
* Sierra Bullets; been doing it since the early 1950's. Their best match bullets shoot 1/4 MOA or better from full length sized cases at 200 yards. And some have tested around 1/8th MOA for several consecutive 10-shot groups; evidence the bullet jackets were extremely uniform in thickness and the bullets were perfectly balanced.
* New cases, such as those used in 7.62 NATO match ammo made at Lake City Arsenal shoot MOA at 600 yards in semiauto service rifles. Commercial .308 Win. Match ammo (again, new cases) shoot 2/3rds MOA at 600 in the same rifles. Both ammo types will shoot 1/3 MOA or better at 100 yards in the same rifles.
I can't actually tell you exactly why neck sizing works better for me and don't believe anyone really knows what's taking place inside the chamber once the firing pin lands on the primer. All you can do is speculate, which ultimately turns into some over analyzing what they think happens.
It’s easy to find out what happens to the loaded round when its chambered and fired. Some people can do more than speculate. Much can be observed by simple tests and measurements. A lot of people have done what’s explained below and learn what happens.
When you open the bolt holding a fired case, its extractor pushes the case head/rim to the side holding it in place until it’s ejected. That same extractor pushes the case head to the top where it stops against the chamber wall when the bolt’s closed on it.
Measure the case headspace on an empty primed rimless bottleneck case. Chamber that empty primed case, fire it, then remove the case and measure case headspace again. It’s now shorter; the shoulder was set back. You can also make a series of handloads with each one having 1 grain less powder in it; do not load less than 15% below maximum. Starting with the max load, fire each one and note how far the primer’s pushed out of the case. When you start seeing primers pushed out, this means the case shoulder was set back but there wasn’t enough peak pressure to push/stretch the case body back to where the case head stops against the bolt face but there’s enough pressure to push the primer out a bit.
The above aside, if one trying full length sizing and sets the fired rimless bottleneck case shoulder back more than a couple thousandths and uses an expander ball instead of a die not needing one, then they may well get better accuracy by sizing just the neck. Nobody I know who equals or betters benchrest, neck only, accuracy by full length sizing this way understands why full length sized cases with whose shoulder’s are set back too far don’t shoot very accurate. This the thing I don’t understand. I asked Sierra Bullets former Head Ballistician about this years ago; he didn’t have an answer but said he’ll keep on full length sizing cases to test their bullets in.