I skimmed through a lot of postings, but here's my two cents worth as a retired Sailor:
When you first enlist, boot camp and the subsequent schools won't make it easy for you to relocate your guns. Especially if you're not living off base. And if you're going to be bouncing from school to school for a while...it's even more of a pain.
Leave your guns at home until you finally settle in at wherever your duty station ends up being, then do a little research.
If you live on base in the barracks, then the base CO is the one who establishes the policy for this. I lived in the barracks a few times while I was in the Navy and it's a real pain in the keister, in my opinion. The base CO had a policy, but I never actually used it. The guns had to be stored in the base armory, which meant that access was more limited than I desired, not to mention the process of getting out and then bringing them back. So I never did it.
If you live in the barracks, then I'd recommend storing them off base somewhere secure. I'll leave that up to you how you would do that. I had a storage unit and an actually small, 500 pound Protectall safe that I stored my handguns in. Some people kept them at their friend's houses and such. Whatever, be sure you do a realistic assessment of the relative safety of storing your firearms at your choices. Realize, also, that not all your buddies in the Air Force are necessarily as honest, safety conscious, and secure as you might assume.
If you live in base housing, then you need to check the housing rules. Firearms may be allowed, but might have to be registered with security
If you live off base, then it's your house/apartment and you can store them there.
Might I also suggest, and suggest very strongly, that you do some real world research on the firearms laws of the various states and major metropolitan areas you may end up either traveling through with your firearms or staying with your firearms. Whether you're the legal owner of a gun or not, some places are downright unfriendly about transporting them through their states or owning/using them. EVEN IF YOU'RE JUST TRAVELING THROUGH TO YOUR NEXT DUTY STATION.
Some places you may travel through or live in may also have restrictions on the kinds of firearms and ammunition you may have or things like magazine size limitations.
So do your research!
Oh yeah...if you own several firearms, you might just consider bringing a few of them with you and leaving the rest home. Just a thought!