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I seem to remember that the standard 5 groove .303 barrel was used but chambered to 30/06 which resulted in an oversized bore.
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Another recall (I think) was that Eddystone 1917's had headspace problems and would chamber a no-go gauge and even a field gauge as well.
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Alexander A, I have heard those rumors also, then there is the one where they used up the 303 P14 Barrels first then went to the M1917 Barrel. The profile is different, the 303 P14 barrel is smaller in diameter.
Then there is the head space thing with the Eddystone M1917. I have one that has a long chamber, the chamber is longer from the shoulder to the bolt face than a minimum length case from the shoulder of the case to the case head by .016". .016" is .002" longer than a field reject gage. I checked the length of the chamber first then formed 280 Remington cases by adjusting the die off the shell holder .014". The first time I fired the rifle there was .002" difference in length between the chamber and case when measured from the usual places.
Then there was that rumor about how the M1917s got the long chamber, there was a story about a smith that did it. Seems he was accused of not understanding the 'POWERFULL CAMMING ACTION' created by the bolt lugs.
There have been guestimates of something like a 1 to 1,000 ratio, and I ask: "What is the angle of the bolt lugs? "What is the advance in thousandths per degree of bolt rotation? AND THEN? I am accused of being one of those people that does not understand. Another rumor, it is believed the bolt closing action can crush a go-gage.
I measure the length of the chamber on the M1917 with a 280 Remington case. I know, the bolt will not close on a 280 Remington case because it is longer than a 30/06 case by .051", from the shoulder to the head of the case.
F. Guffey