...military experience played an important role in the original organization of State Police forces. Pennsylvania relied heavily on the field concepts utilized historically by the military. The combination of military organization concepts, military men as the first enlistees, military organizational structure and military personnel discipline marked the development of the State Police forces in the United States.
-- My notes from lecture during Law Enforcement Academy
May 2, 1905. The Pennsylvania State Police are created. One of the first State Police agency in the nation, the PSP are cited as a model for other state law enforcement agencies.
The PSP troopers sign on for 2 year enlistments, are required to live in barracks with mess halls. Each trooper starts with the rank of private, and the majority of the first enlistees have prior military experience.
Military reservations are used for the initial training, in which the troopers lived in Army tents and trained using Army equipment, and troopers maintain military discipline and wear US Army based uniforms.
State police agenices aren't becoming militarized, they've been para-military from the absolute beginning -- that being the Year of Our Lord
1905.
However, if you
really want a look at militarized law enforcement let us set the Wayback Machine to 1823.
"ten men...to act as rangers for the common defense...The wages I will give said ten men is fifteen dollars a month payable in property."
--Stephen F. Austin
The Texas Rangers. Military, or law enforcement?
Whole lotta dead Comanches and Mexicans might take exception to thinking of the Rangers as Law Enforcement. Matter-of-fact, the high-points of War Against the Comanche tends to make the excesses of the War on Drugs look like Amateur Hour.
Rangers did their bit on the military side in m ore than one invasion of Mexico, and they were assigned to the Confederate Army during the Late Unpleasantness.
"This branch of the service [Rangers]has been very active and has done incalculable good in policing the sparsely settled sections of the state where the local officers...could not afford adequate protection."
--Adjutant General W.H. Mabry 1896
Sounds like a police force to me.
" I instruct you [Ranger Capt. John R. Hughes]and your men to keep them (Mexican raiders) off of Texas territory if possible, and if they invade the State let them understand they do so at the risk of their lives."
--Texas. Gov. O.B. Colquitt, 1917
Oops, now
that sounds more military.
*shrug*
Like I said, anyone who thinks militarization of law enforcement is new, hasn't been reading up on American Law Enforcement history.
Or law enforcement history at all, for that matter.
LawDog