Yes, way more umph than a .22 cal
I have some. All good. Mainly bang-flops, no runners. With proper bullets and shot placement the x39 is a great deer round all the way up to 150-180yd. A lightweight carbine is a great choice, especially for driven and stalking hunts and can hold its own in stand hunting as long as you keep the somewhat limited range in mind. For me it bridges the cap between .44Mag (carbine) and .308Win (rifle) and has recently become my go-to caliber for deer.
The difference is negligible even if the .30-30 is fired from a rifle. I didn't have a Chronograph when I owned that rifle, but the manuals all stated 2400 fps, but when I finally got a chronograph, I measured factory 150 RN out of a friend's pre-64 M94 Winchester at just under 2200 fps.
I shoot a 154 grain factory soft point in my SKS. The biggest bullet in .30-30 is a 170 flat point and, personally, I've never used more'n a 150 in the .30-30 and have killed a half dozen deer with it, one out of a rifle and one out of a 12" pistol at 90 yards, the rest at shorter ranges out of the Contender pistol.. The 150 Nosler BT load I use in .30-30 from the pistol (no longer own the rifle) leaves a 12" barrel at 2050 fps. The 154 grain Wolf load fires 2200 fps out of my 20" SKS. You tell ME which carries more velocity/energy.
I mean, it ain't like the .30-30 can break 3000 fps AND a factory 154 soft point has a better BC than a 150 flat point and will have a much better effective range. I consider the 7.62x39 as a semi-auto .30-30. The numbers back me up. Both will kill deer quite dead with the right bullet. In fact, I think if I hadn't stumbled on this excellent 154 Wolf, I'd probably be handloading flat or RN .30-30 bullets in the x39. But, there are other alternatives to the handloader now days in .311". Accuracy is adequate to 200 yards. Even a .308" bullet will generally group 6" at 200 yards. The 154s are slightly more accurate and will group 5" at 200 yards. A deer's kill zone on the shoulder is around 12", so if you can keep 'em on an 8" paper plate, that'll do. No, it's not as accurate as my 1/2 MOA .257 Roberts or my 3/4 MOA .308 Winchester, but in the woods, it'll get the job done. And the gun is heavy as I've described, so it's quite soft on a tender shoulder.
The accuracy of the x39 is extremely good out of a strong bolt action rifle. I'm convinced it's an inherently accurate round. The SKS doesn't do it justice far as accuracy goes. A bolt gun will be a lot lighter and felt recoil will be rougher, though, if you have issues with that. No worse than a 6 lb .30-30, though, and in fact a little lighter I'd imagine without running the numbers. .30-30 holds a little more 3031 than the x39 holds 4198.
That's the bottom line.
That's a question (in general, not just SKS / 336) that's best answered by considering what kind of hunt it'll be. 336 is a reasonably lightweight and fast-handling rifle and not much different from SKS in that regard. So the .30-30 will be an advantage. Personally my next step in .30-diameter calibers is .308 and all my rifles in that caliber are a bit heavy. Great for stand hunting and longer shots. For driven and moving hunts and anything up to 200, maybe even 250yd I'll grab the x39, only because the carbine is so much lighter to lug around. Never had a .30-30, though, but it'd definitely be a strong contender for the job.
My Remington stainless M7 in .308 is quite light even with a scope mounted, is as at home in the woods in a box blind as it is walking a canyon rim in the mountains. I have a 2x10x40 Weaver on it that matches the versatility of the rifle. So, I don't need no stinkin' .30-30. There are times when a semi auto will get you a pig or two more when a bolt gun or even a lever gun won't. When I hunt deer, it's daylight, of course. My go to is my .308, woods or mountains or hill country. I'd considered hunting with my M4 in .223 for pigs, but the 7.62 lays down more horsepower at pig ranges. I've considered a x39 upper or maybe a .450 Bushmaster, but I run with what I have used for 25 years and it works just fine, even better with this up to date laser spotlamp. If I could justify the expense of another AR upper, heck, I could probably justify the expense of thermal optics. But, then, pork is cheap at the store. 
I hunt with my ar, cz 527 with wolf WPA 125 SP and always have exit holes. Anything up to 225 is mine. Here is what the exit wound look like today on a button buck.
All my go-to hunting rifles and carbines are semiautos hence the caliber-dependent weight penalty. Intermediate cartridges are one solution. Of course I have a bunch of bolt and lever rifles, even a pump rifle, dedicated to hunting abroad where artificial semiauto bans are in effect. As well as true wilderness hunts when you have to carry everything from sleeping bags and tents to sufficient firepower to down a moose or brown bear. A full day's hike or more to even get to the hunting area makes weight a serious consideration.
I have killed multiple deer with the x39mm and have been very impressed by the results. Mostly bang flops and appears to hit hard even with 123gr pills.
WOLF AMMO!!
nice what ammo did he used. u can make a nice little coat hanger with that button buck.
Federal fusion 123 grain.
