The .44 Special offeres the abilty to comfortably push larger, heavier bullets sufficiently to achieve any reasonable anti-bipedal parameters, and is thus "better."
I've got a .38 on me as I type this. *Ahem*
For you "the Devil's in the details" types, John Taffin article is a good place to start:
The .44 Special Cartridge of the Century? Accurate, Powerful and Reliable, the .44 Special Really is Special.
American Handgunner, Sept/Oct 2004, by John Taffin
The .45 has been Number One at Colt for more than 125 years with hundreds of thousands of sixguns and semi automatics being produced in .45 Colt and .45ACP. However over at Smith & Wesson, .44 has been the top big bore caliber for even longer. For the first half of the 20th century, at least among sixgunners in the know, the .44 Special was it. Period. The coming of the .44 Magnum in 1955-1956 almost killed the .44 Special, but only almost. Many of those buying those first .44 Magnums soon discovered they had more than they wanted and eagerly returned to the .44 Special.
Skeeter Skelton was one of those who traded his 4" .44 Special for a 4" .44 Magnum for law enforcement work and discovered the .44 Special was much better suited for his duties as sheriff and promptly went back to the gentler .44. A 250 grain bullet at 950 fps was much easier to control than the same weight bullet at 1,400 fps, and the comparable lighter weight sixgun carried much easier.
In my first book, Big Bore Sixguns, I raised the question as to whether or not the .44 Special was the Cartridge of The Century--the 20th century, that is, since the .44 Special was the first new cartridge to arrive at the beginning of the last century. Actually the .44 Special began before the Civil War. Smith & Wesson had introduced the first American Cartridge firing revolver with their seven-shot, tip-up single action Model #1 chambered in .22 Short. Subsequent models were chambered in .32 and Smith & Wesson had plans for a big bore single action, however the Civil War put those plans on the back burner.
In 1869, Smith & Wesson introduced their first big bore single action sixgun, the S&W Model #3 American chambered in .44 S&W American. This cartridge was a true .44 caliber with, according to which source is to be believed, either a .43 or .44 caliber bullet with a .423" heel which snapped into the case. Lubrication was on the portion of the bullet outside the brass case and cylinders were bored straight through to accept a cartridge case and bullet of the same diameter.
Enter the Russians. The Russian military placed a large order for Smith & Wesson Model #3s, however they insisted on an ammunition change that resulted in the basic configuration we still use today. Instead of an outside-lubricated, heel-type bullet, the Russians wanted a bullet of uniform diameter with the lubrication grooves inside the case. This, of course, reduced the diameter of the bullet and also required cylinder chambers be of two inside diameters, one to accept the case, and the other to accept the slightly smaller bullet. The result was the .44 Russian, which early-on exhibited exceptional accuracy especially when chambered in the S&W New Model #3, which arrived a few years later. The .44 Russian cartridge case was just under 1" in length at .97" and used a round-nosed bullet of approximately 245 grains, at a muzzle velocity of 750 fps. At that time, Colt's .45 was loaded with a bullet of 250-255 grains at a muzzle velocity 150-200 fps faster. This, of course, resulted in much less recoil when shooting the .44 Russian.
Modern Old Days
The dawning of the new century found the United States in a remarkable position. We had flexed our muscles, were now regarded as a powerful force in the world, Theodore Roosevelt was soon catapulted into the presidency, and a new age had arrived. To commemorate the new spirit, Smith & Wesson introduced the New Century revolver. This sixgun was also known as the Model of 1908, the .44 Hand Ejector 1st Model, and more widely known among collectors and shooters as the Triple-Lock. Smith & Wesson had modernized the double action revolver with their mid-framed Military & Police .38 Special in 1899, and now they expanded the M&P to a large framed revolver chambered in .44. This magnificent sixgun also featured an enclosed ejector rod housing and the cylinder locked in three places, at the rear, at the front of the ejector rod, and with a beautifully machined third locking feature at the front of the cylinder on the frame.
Even today this S&W is regarded by many as the finest double action revolver ever produced, perhaps the finest revolver period. Smith & Wesson could easily have chambered their new creation for the .44 Russian, however, they instead lengthened the case to 1.16" and introduced a new cartridge, the .44 Special. They were on the brink of perfection. They had a superb sixgun and a cartridge, which could be safely loaded to eclipse the .45 Colt. Instead of going forward, they hesitated, and backed up. The .44 Special was loaded to the exact same specifications as the .44 Russian using the same round-nosed bullet. Instead of a 250 grain bullet at 900-1,000 fps, which both cartridge case and sixgun were certainly capable of, the .44 Special stayed at 750 fps. But not for long.
During the late 1920s the true capabilities of the .44 Special were discovered, not by ammunition factories but by handloaders. Over the next three decades men like Elmer Keith, Gordon Boser, Ray Thompson, John Lachuk, and a group known as the .44 Associates experimented and traded information on the .44 Special. Anyone well acquainted with the .44 Special knows of the "Keith Load." Using balloon head brass, Keith first loaded #80 powder under several bullet designs, and finally settled on 18.5 grains of #2400 under his semi-wadcutter bullet, the #429421. Keith did not design the original SWC bullet but he certainly perfected it realizing early the semi-wadcutter is much superior to the round-nosed bullet as far as shocking power is concerned.
Cont.