Another option
Is the relatively new .260 Remington (a 6.5mm on a .308Win case). It basically duplicates the ballistics of the 6.5x55 Swede, but in a short case which can be used in a short actioned rifle. I don't have any personal experience with this round, but according to what I have read, this is the case.
I have a 6.5x55mm, Swedish Mauser (1917 mfg), and handload for it. The cartridge is an outstanding one, very flat shooting at longer ranges, better than many larger more powerful rounds. However, the Swede is also "limited" to pressures of about 45,000psi, due to the actions of the old Mausers.
In a modern rifle capable of safely containing higher pressures, the handloader can improve the performance a noticable amount. HOWEVER, if this is done, care must be taken that the high pressure ammo never finds it's was into one of the old Mausers, as this can create a dangerous situation.
If you limit yourself to factory ammo, then there is no problem. The only drawback to the 6.5x55mm is that ammo is not widely stocked, and is more expensive than more common calibers. This situation is better today than it was 25 years ago, when the only ammo available was Norma, and cost about a buck a round even back then. Since then, Remington and others have added the 6.5x55mm to their lines, and also sell brass. It still cost a bit more than the .30-30 or the .30-06, but not tremendously so.