There have been some very good points made here in response to the quote given by Spotch, and I must point out that Texan Scott (tinfoil hat and all
), Hso and others have hit the nail on the head in many respects.
As I've got some time to kill, I'll give a view from another country - England (and this goes for the rest of the UK - Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland).
Here we've had social systems in place since the end of WWII. We have a health system which is free to all but ultimately paid for through a fixed wage deduction called National Insurance Contributions by those who work. Those same contributions also go to the boost that particular individual's pension. In addition, we have a welfare system where each person who lives in the UK is entitled to unemployment benefit and housing benefit (where relevant) to pay for basic living costs (e.g., food) and rent respectively (there are also other benefits). This, on the whole prevents too many people ending up on the streets. However, if you do end up on the streets you are not entitled to anything, basically because one doesn't have a fixed address and the situation for these people is the same as others all over the world! However, violent crime is just as high in the UK as in countries without a health/welfare system.
The cost of living in the UK is exceptionally high and there are a great number of poor (in the millions). Nonetheless, they don't resort to violent crime. Indeed, it has been shown that being poor or coming from a deprived background in the UK doesn't mean one is more likely to commit any crime, indeed it can be quite the opposite. We have found that crime is equally committed by the rich. One has to look at the details and individuals involved but this is a book in itself and I'll stop here on that issue.
Secondly, giving shorter sentences for criminals in general hasn't decreased crime here at all. Indeed, it's encouraged it. Many criminals now feel it is 'economically viable' to commit the crime and get caught as they now see that they can gain from it at the expense of just a few weeks in jail or some community service. Sentencing in the UK is pretty poor with regard to serious crime. If you're found in possession of a firearm [say your Grandad's Lee Enfield] it's a minimum sentence of 5 years. If you kill a family with all 3 children with your car after getting drunk, you get told off and a suspended sentence. Oddly enough, more people get drunk or drugged up and drive more than ever nowadays! Shorter sentences for violent crime has merely resulted in more rapes, murders etc. once the rapist, murderer etc. has been released!
Violent crime has increased in the UK for a number of reasons.
- 1. Over-population. There are just too many people living here. England is the third most densely populated country behind the Netherlands and Bangladesh. This has resulted in people living 'on top of one another'. It is now impossible to go anywhere without seeing another human being. This, above all, results in long-term stress and can lead to mental illness.
- 2. A huge increase in immigrants over the last decade or so, despite us being an island, and one of the problems of being part of the EU (open borders). While many are honest and hard-working there are a great number of criminals, particularly from eastern Europe. Violent murders have increased and those committing them have been to be found to be committed by people of ethnic origin (i.e., not Brits). These murders have also been particularly gruesome - beheadings, dismemberment, etc. Something very alien and disgusting to us natives. Such crimes used to be very rare and only committed by the mentally insane. Perhaps not applicable to the US.
- 3. An increase in the mentally ill. In the mid-1980's an infamous MP named Virginia Bottomley shut down all public mental hospitals here. The result was that many inmates were released onto the streets and supposedly looked after at home. Murders increased immediately after this and was proven to be attributed to former inmates (not that the government would admit to it). This so-called 'Care in the Community' has been shown to be a failure as it could not be enforced properly due to the lack of planning, money, and skilled nursing. Point 1 above adds to the mentally ill.
- 4. Frustration. Don't under-estimate this. I shan't go into details on what can cause this but we live in a somewhat repressed country here in the UK, despite it being a democracy (governments here rarely deliver what they promise and often force policies onto the populace we never wanted or even knew about). Points 1 and 2 also have an effect. Some people just 'flip-out' and go on the rampage and take it out on people who are completely innocent.
- 5. Prejudice. Comes in all forms and I exclude the usual ones.
- 6. Sadism. Some people get a sexual (or otherwise) kick out of seeing someone suffer.
- 7. Out-and-out greed and pure selfishness.
Points 1-4 can be combated to varying degrees (maybe not over-population but I think Mother Nature will deal with that soon), point 5 can be dealt by listening to those with prejudices; points 6 and 7 - just bump them off as soon as possible!.
The UK has the strictest gun control on Earth. Nonetheless, we still have violent crime.
With regard to society and gun culture. European countries have grown up with the gun primarily as a hunting tool, with self-defence and sport secondary. In the US, the gun was used a lot more, not only for hunting but also as much for self-defence because, as a new and rapidly growing country, it had growing pains. These 'rights' (or rather necessities) are burned into US society and culture. This has carried over into the 21st century making it easy to obtain firearms.
However, the ease of obtaining firearms may not be the issue. Switzerland has a semi-automatic military rifle in nearly every household. We don't see the mass murders there or other such gun-related crime. What we do see is a large number of suicides using a gun. However, this does not mean that suicides have increased as a result of the gun, it's just easier (and anyone who has a self-hatred tends to mutilate themselves and as such a bullet is much more desirable than sleeping pills).
I think we have to look at how society has evolved to figure out what's going on.
I can't comment on American society as I don't live there. The only sense we get of the US is a strongly divided country with kindness, morality, decency, and intelligence on one side and arrogance, ignorance, rudeness, aggressiveness, religious fanaticism, and stupidity on the other. These divisions, on the whole, seem to be starker than in other countries. Could it be that it's simply the latter tendencies (at least in combination) are the cause of such violent crime in the US?
Or perhaps there are other issues to face. Violent crime is committed mainly by the mentally unstable (either through drugs, stress, or other reason). How does American society contribute to the increase in mental instability? And if it does, what are the reasons and how to we combat those? Eventually, you have to keep digging deeper until you find the ultimate reason(s). Sadly too many can't be bothered to dig that deep and end up trying to cure a symptom rather than the disease that's causing it.
With regard to gun violence, we, at least in the UK (and you can read that as the rest of Europe as well), get the impression that vetting of potential gun owners in the US is extremely poor. If so, and if vetting procedures were tightened up (as it is over here, usually!) and the mentally unstable can be identified at the time of their application for a firearms license/certificate then maybe this will reduce the problem a little.
Ultimately I think one has to look at society as a whole to determine the reasons why there is such violent crime of any sort. Indeed, I think someone would do well by comparing US society with other societies around the world. It won't be easy and there won't be one single answer. Ultimately I suspect the causes will never be solved because the fundamental problem is too deep-rooted or will take generations to solve.
Sorry, really long post this one and not as erudite as other posts here.