The reality of firearms ownership in the U.S.
Bif,
I understand that the culture in France is
VERY different than here in the USA. My Girlfriend grew up in France, and her attitudes are very French. We both find it difficult to understand each other because of this difference. We went to France together last summer, and I was surprised and pleased to see the local police armed with Sig-Sauer pistols, and the armed guards around the Eiffel Tower carrying military rifles.
Everyone else has done a good job of explaining the gun
laws here in the U.S. Let me talk a little about the
reality of gun ownership.
Location:
The reality depends greatly on where you are. In city areas, guns are not as popular with the good folks, and because of the large amount of criminal activity, guns are generally viewed as "bad." In a more suburban areas, guns are more popular, and many people go hunting and target shooting. There are hunting clubs with their own land, but there are also public lands set aside to help preserve wilderness, where hunting is allowed. In rural and farming areas, guns are viewed as tools, and are as common as cars or any other farm equipment.
These attitudes also vary widely, depending on the part of the U.S. that you are in. You can look at
http://www.handgunlaw.us/ for much more information, and to get a feel for the attitudes and laws in different parts of our country.
Purchasing:
In most places, gun shops are not rare. The gun dealers have to be licensed by our Federal government, and every time you buy a gun you must fill out a form certifying many things, including that you are not a criminal. Your information on this form is called into a national database, and if you are approved, you get to buy the gun. This is not supposed to be "registration," but the records must be retained by the store forever. Some individual states add a lot of other requirements such as personal registration, individual gun registration, and a waiting period in which you have to wait a week or more to get the guns you have bought. I am fortunate to live in the state of Alabama, which has none of these extra restrictions.
I should also let you know that in the U.S., gun shops are not dark or scary places. Most are very much oriented towards sporting uses, and it is quite common to see whole families enjoying time there.
In most states, it is legal to buy a gun from another person, just as you would buy a car or other item, as long as the other person also lives in your state. No government paperwork is required, although many politicians are working hard to prevent these "private sales."
There are restrictions on which people are allowed to own any guns. You are forbidden to own guns if you are a criminal, or have been a criminal in the past, or if you have been judged insane, or in many other circumstances.
None of these laws prevent criminals from getting firearms at all. I have been repeatedly told that if you are a criminal that it is quite easy to get a gun illegally.
Carrying:
We do not normally carry guns visibly strapped to our hips. To carry a gun openly would almost certainly bring the police unless you are far out in the country. (There are many folks who are quite extreme who want to make open carry a common practice. You may find many of your questions answered by looking at the website
http://www.opencarry.org/, and checking the maps section)
We do have "concealed carry" permits. (See
http://www.handgunlaw.us/, as mentioned above.) In my state, it is a serious crime to carry a gun in a hidden way. It is even a crime to have a loaded gun in the car with you. These crimes will remove your right to ever own guns again. However, if you get a permit from the local law enforcement, you are allowed to do these things freely. You must be investigated to get these permits, and in some states you must pass courses on firearms usage. I have such a permit. There are many places where it is never legal to have a gun (government buildings, hospitals, etc.). However, when I am not in one of those places, I almost always have a hidden gun with me to defend myself in case I am attacked and my life is threatened. Unfortunately, my city has a lot of violent crime.
Carrying a gun legally does
NOT make you a more violent and aggressive person. If anything, it tends to make you more calm and polite, and it makes you want to avoid trouble and walk away from a fight. It makes you work hard to avoid ever needing your gun.
Types of Guns:
As others have said, most U.S. citizens are allowed to own handguns, rifles, and shotguns. Guns commonly owned include those that require manipulation to load another bullet, and
semi-automatic guns, which produce one shot for each trigger pull. However,
full automatic guns are machine guns, and are
extremely rare.
The guns that are for sale can be made to look like any military rifle. The term "assault rifle" is mostly meaningless, because it is not well defined, and because different definitions exist. Many guns that look like a military rifle are used by civilians for fun at the range, and for hunting. These are
NOT the same as the proper military rifles, because they are only
semi-automatic,
NOT full automatic. In most states, these "evil-looking" rifles are now as freely available as any hunting rifle. Lots of people own them.
What is amusing to those of us who know something about guns is that "assault rifles" are far from the most dangerous guns available. Most common hunting rifles that look very traditional are
many times more powerful than the common "assault rifles" that politicians and anti-gun folks are so upset about. It makes many of us think that these activists are not too smart, because they are outraged about appearances, and ignore the substantial truths.
So yes, guns are quite common in the U.S., but mostly we are
NOT the crazy gun-slingers that the rest of the world seems to think we are. The "wild west" does not exist any more. Those of us who own guns legally are mostly responsible and very careful. We take great joy in exercising our right to own guns, a right which seems to be greatly restricted or denied in most of the world. We take great pride in our responsible ownership and our safety records.
That is a
lot more than I had intended to write, but I hope that all of this information helps you, and anyone else who has cared to read it.