The .338RUM and .338Lapua are near ballistic twins. ie: 250gr bullet at ~3,000fps
The .338Fed shoots 200gr bullet to ~2,700fps (24"bbl) 20"bbl ~2,600fps.
The .338WinMag and .338Ruger are near ballistic twins at ~250gr bullet at 2,600fps
(at least the ones I've chronographed)
p.s. The .338Fed uses the same basic case as .308. Very easy to reform ofb for reloading. ditto the .338/06 w/.30-06 brass
The .338RUM uses same cases as 7mm, .300, .375RUM and is generally available.
The .338WinMag is similar to the .300WinMag and is also very available
The .338Ruger is a propriatary case and is only available from Hornady. Possibly can be made from .375Ruger or similar cases.
The .338Lapua is also an "odd" size and currently only available from Lapua, Norma, and PPU. The PPU cases are reasonably
priced, if you can find them.