I'd like to see something along the lines of the Swiss attitude where to be armed means you are a citizen. This is not necessarily something codified into law, just a culture. But, given the television driven culture we have now, that won't happen anytime soon.
There's the other idea of service = citizenship (Heinlein and others). I think there are certain advantages to it. This service could be in the military, with the Church doing volunteer work, or through some other formal organization doing whatever is necessary. However, the result of this work is that each young person leaves the service with a skill at the journeyman level.
Another idea comes from the previous poster, with an extension. At age 17, each able bodied and sound of mind person enrolls in a service class. This class is like JROTC...they do their marching and such. Each student is also trained in military procedures, including first aid, riflery, handgunnery, ordinance, guerilla war, etc. This forms the backbone of the militia. The few that wish to continue can join up with the professional military.
Upon completion of the "class" at age 18, he or she is issued the common infantry weapon, 2000 rounds of ammunition, a pack, uniforms, and everything else that would be needed in case of war. This is theirs to keep and maintain. Severe criminal penalties would be enforced for those who abuse this trust. There would also be annual training weeks where each person's equipment is inspected, weapons training is continued, and each person must qualify with their weapons. It is at this point they become eligible to vote.
Failure to vote in the upcoming elections means some sort of punishment, generally in the form of work useful to the local community (versus punitive punishments like fines or confinement). Furthermore, failure to qualify in the core militia skills results in additional training time.
Is forcing someone to participate in the electoral process slavery? I assert that it is not. Instead, it is a reminder of responsibility to yourself, the community, and your country. Too many people today refuse to be responsible for anything, much less decide how the country is led.
But, since this system demands individuals be responsible for themselves, it will not happen anytime soon.
On a side note, I noticed some interesting comments from a friend who has been living in Europe for the last 4 years. She said that she couldn't stand to see the Americans with their "life sucks" t-shirts wandering around the countryside. That's a very interesting comment upon our culture and shows how sick it truly has become. I lived in South America for a year; when I returned I was shocked at the banality, corruption, and negativity in our music and television. How long can the US continue to function when significant parts of the culture tend toward negativity, self-loathing, and victimization? We seem to be marching the path of Rome.