Let's straighten out the size issue here. Numerous people have stated the sizes of these rounds without consistency, using the bore diameter for the 10mm and the bullet diameter for the 45. Here are the numbers as listed in the Speer, Lee and Hornady reloading manuasl. These are bullet diameters, not bore (which is usually .006"-.008" less)
9mm Luger = .355" bullet diameter
10mm Auto = .400" bullet diameter
45 ACP = .451" bullet diameter
The 10mm is .045" larger than the 9mm and .051" smaller than a 45 ACP. The 10mm is functionally exactly in between as the 9mm is 11.3% smaller than the 10mm which is 11.3% smaller than the 45. (.045/.400 = .11249, .051/.451 = .11308).
If we look further in the Hornady manual we find that the .45ACP has the worst high sectional density at .162 (230 gr.), the 9mm is next at .167 (147 gr.) and the 10mm has the best at .179 (200 gr.).
(It is interesting to note that a commercial loading of a 230 gr 10mm is available from Double Tap. This would give the 10mm a max SD of .205.)