serrations vs plain edge on defensive knives

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brownie0486

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I'm posting this on the various forums fopr discussion:

I was contacted privately by another forum member who had seen previous posts about our/my observations regarding serrations and their effectiveness or non effectiveness against different types of outer clothing vs. plain edged of the same design.

This person took the time to cut a dungaree jacket with a half serrated recurved blade of 4 inches in length. He wrote as his observations and findings were somewhat different than the findings of the class in LR many years ago. He thought I should be aware of these findings and asked me to comment on the disparity between the findings and possibly an educated guess as to why the disparity.

In previous classes years ago [ not in the last 6 years ]we saw that serrations would drag/grab scertain material slowing the blade and effectively reducing the depth of the cut made through the medium [ material we were cutting ]when checked against the plain edge on the same materials.

His recent observations with the half serrated blade showed that the serrations dug deep, did not drag and produced very nasty cuts to the material vs a plain edgeed blade of the same design.

We talked a bit over emails and I recommended that he post his results on the forums for all to be able have the information available to them here and as well, bring this discussion to the forefront with others impressions and comments.

He and I both agreed the half serrated would not have been as effective at the cutting performance if it had been fully serrated as more teeth would mean more drag. We also agreed the recurve of the blade [ blade design ] may have played a role in the results as well.

I also suggested that the teeth of serrated knives are of somewhat different design dependant on different makers. For instance, the spyderco serrations from the early days on certain models [ and continuing to this day ] are cut deeper [ have longer teeth height ] than other makers serrations. The serrateds tooth design will also affect the outcome of whether one is better than another.

We discovered that there are many variables and disparities between makers blade designs and teeth configuraions to include the height of the teeth as well as the overall pattern to the teeth which is also different dependant on model and maker. Serration designs have also evolved to a degree where they are shallower [ less toothy and consequently less aggressive ] than the early daysas a rule. This may be due to observations of their own testing data or perhaps from listening to the buying public and attempting to compromise between too aggressive and not very aggressive.

All the above can skewer the results one has and so we are now left with a few choices to make. Some serrations obviously cut better through material than others. Dependant on the maker and model, tooth design, etc the serrated knife may or may not be a better choice for self defense over a plain edge.

In the future, I'll not quote our own testing results of years past as the time passed has brought forth many changes in the industry and one can not hold an objective view if they hold onto old data and do not continue to retest the designs and patterns of serrations from different makers vs. the plain edge in the same guise.

Comments?

Brownie
 
Comments were on what others have observed and was open to discussion by others relative their own results, conclusions, as well as their thoughts.

Comment away sir.

Brownie
 
Serrations are great for slicing bread and rope. Not much else. Even those slick EMT cut-a-penny-in-half scissors get caught up on cloth and don't cut it worth beans. A good sharp plain edge will cut more than cheese and bacon.
 
If you had to quickly cut through some fibrous material, which would you choose, serrated or straight? Seat belts? Ropes? Denim? Flesh? Muscles, sinews, tendons, veins, arteries? Rubber hose? Leather? In all of these cases, a good serrated blade works better in my opinion than a similar straight edge (for example, comparing otherwise identical Enduras or Delicas). They may leave a mess, but they rip and tear effectively, and the idea here is to do maximum damage. Leave the scapels to the surgeons who will sew stuff back together. Save the straight edge for whittling, carving, neatly cutting meat with the grain, and stabbing or thrusting, where serrations offer little or no advantage. But straight edges look nice, so I have several.
 
Good stuff. IMO- It's almost like arguing which would do more damage, a 230gr .45 Hydrashock or a 200gr .45 Speer Gold Dot. One might penetrate a little more, another might tear a little more but for practical purposes, both would put the hurt on.

Similarly, if a fully serrated edge were used for defensive purposes, even if you are only slashing the slashee would be hurt, bad. The argument regarding drag could come into play if the handle is slippery in that the serrated edge might be more sticky and the blade could become dislodged but I think with modern handles and a firm grip this is negated.

just IMO... I don't expect a slash to stop or even slow an attacker... I see them primarily as a means to set up entry for stabs or to attack a limb that happens to be within my sphere of movement.

I prefer the 50/50 blade. I would say 25% of the chores I use my knives for involve cutting fiberous material. Just like the aforementioned .45 hollowpoints, either should do well in a pinch, but plan to reapply as necessary.

I guess my question is... if the serrated blade is slowing down faster, does this mean more energy transfer? ;)

good discussion

cheers
 
Brownie:
My experience is similar to what you mention. The moderately aggressive serrations seem to work much better in most situations and particularly in situations involving light, loose clothing vs heavier, stiffer cloth. The very aggressive serrations work much better on materials like rope, cardboard or leather but have limited use in other materials. Both serrated (light or heavy) or straight edges work well in cutting bare flesh and muscle but both must be maintained extremely sharp to do well under varied conditions. If they are not as sharp as possible for the type of blade steel used, cutting will suffer whether serrated or not.

My straight edge SD knives are never used for anything else and consequently are always razor sharp and easily can cut through many types of materials. My ‘utility’ knives, some serrated and some not, are also maintained to absolute sharpness (to the point that I often sharpen daily).

A question one might ask is ‘which type of knife’, serrated or straight edge, will I be best able and willing to maintain in extremely sharp condition.
 
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[Disclaimer, not really a knife guy, but I add this] I've always preferred straight blades, from utilitarian reasons.

Doing my gig, I have seen many knife wounds, particularly from a subset of our population here. From what I have seen and gathered from EMTs, docs, MEs, toolmark experts and coppers, outside the sporting goods store, this distinction is without difference when the force is applied.
 
Hi Brownie. Interesting post.

My first Benchmade was a 50/50 AFCK. The second one is a plain edge. Why? SHARPENING. I find it quicker and easier to sharpen a non-serrated blade, and so I keep it sharper more regularly. I feel that's one of the most important aspects of a SD knife -- sharpness.

I've seen some nasty recurves that look even nastier with a serrated edge, and thought no way in Hell would I want to get on the receiving end of that.

But --you're the expert here-- how many are taught slashing techniques vs. stab or thrust techniques? I recall our class (damn, I should dig out those notes...) as focusing on 11 or 12 target areas, with blows (or a series of blows) delivered as stabs or thrusts. The "slashes" were across the hand/wrist/forearm to "defang the snake," but I don't imagine a serrated or plain blade would have any great advantage over, say, an arm clad in a denim or leather jacket. Then you'd have to go for the bare hand, or deflect/counter and stab to the temple/neck/armpit etc., then beat feet.

Another small point about serated blades: wouldn't the PD look more closely at a searrated blade that approached 4", as that "sharpened" length of the blade is often the legal limit? I want all the blade I can carry if I'm going with something that small.

Anyway, I see plain blades as better for stabs/thrusts, and SOME blade styles as benefitting from serrations with slashing style attacks. Maybe in the end it just comes down to my lazy sharpening attitude... :)
 
Hi there ACP:

Hope you are well and have a great holiday in a few weeks.

Yes, you remember correctly. 12 lines of attack which include slashing angles 1-4; 8-12. The stabbing angles are 5,6,and 7 as you were taught at S+W in class.

All the attack angles were to the body, but in defanging would be used against the incoming offending limbs.

The general consensus seems to be leaning toward the following:
A scary sharp straight blade will cut as well as a serrated blade on most every medium, but the serrated will perform somewhat better on a few materials.

That the aggressive serrations may "drag", or get hung up in certain material and slow the blades momentum thereby producing a shallower cut.
That serrations will keep their sharpness longer due to a few factors like edge length being increased [ more surface area to cut with ].

That serrations need to be kept sharp to keep up with a good straight blade thats sharp.

The serrations can be a problem to sharpen back to razor status. If they serrations are not as sharp as a straight blade they will not perform as well.

That serrations will outcut the straight edge due to more cutting surface.

That stabbing with serrations may cause the blade to hang up on retraction.

As to how many are taught slash or stab, as you know, you got both in class and a well rounded defensive knifeman needs to have all the angles available to him in a confrontation which include both defensively and, as well, offensively if one so chooses.

Stay sharp

Brownie
 
Now as I am headed out to the store at dinner time Friday evening and clipping on the SOG Nightvision (w/ a 50/50 blade) I see the serrations at the bottom half of the blade and wonder if these would even touch an attacker in a quick slash -- this is a modified tanto blade and I'm guessing the tip would do most of the damage.

Then again, for back-handed thrusts or slashes (like your review of Keating's Chinook on folders-r-us :D ) I can see where the serations on a 50/50 blade would help, as the base of the blade is more likely to be the first contact area on the target?

I'm babbling on here...:)
 
Can't see the utility of carrying a knife just for defense. There are so many other reasons you might need a knife during the course of a day. Besides, knives and fights are generally bad business for either party.

Plain edge all the way. I've sold every serrated knife I've owned. Too impractical for general use. Harder to sharpen.
 
Guyon :

The SAK is my utility knife. The other two are for defense. One for each hand.

There is no utility in a defensive knife unless you want a dull knife at the time you need it to be sharp defensively.


Brownie
 
"Can't see the utility of carrying a knife just for defense."

I can't either but can see carrying two:D

I always carrry one and frequently have two SD knives and always a "utility" knife. I got them and it doesn't cost a thing to carry them.
 
Having read and posted on Bladeforums for so long, I guess I'm just skeptical about all the bravado and chest puffing that goes on when it comes to knife combat. The grim reality is that it's messy business, and even if you're armed and your opponent is not, it's risky business.

I carry my knife for utility, and only if in the most severe pinch, for defense (hypothetically). My plain edged knives stay pretty sharp. If I use them, they get touched up on the fine stones of a Sharpmaker.

The other piece of steel I carry IS specifically for defense. However, it goes bang and offers a lot less risk for me. I think I'm sufficiently covered. No need for two, three, four knives.

To get back to your original point, a plain edge easily offers the advantage of different edges. Sharpening with rough stones can leave micro-serrations that are quite effective when it comes to slicing through cord, rope, seatbelts, etc. However, if you want precise slicing, you can refine the blade's edge even more with smooth stones.

In all honesty, I don't think that the milliseconds/seconds you might save with a serrated knife are worth the trouble when it comes sharpening time. I will say one thing for serrated blades though. They are scarier looking.
 
Guyon:

A lot of people live where they can not carry a firearm, they then need to get up to speed in another platform for defensive purposes.

Hell, I can carry a gun everyday in 22 states. I rarely carry a gun out of my own state though. When I choose not to carry a gun daily, my defensive blades pick up the slack, anything is better than H2H when your life may hang in the balance.

It's only bravado and chest puffing if you carry a blade with defense in mind and have not trained in it's effective use for the possible encounter.

Yes, there is some of that here, but thats to be expected on an internet rife with armchairs and not enough people to fill them with butts.

Brownie
 
brownie: That's as fair an assessment as I've read, and I applaud your level-headedness.

I've got nothing against knife training and the situational awareness that goes with it. What bothers me is that I often sense that a lot of folks think that spending $100 on a tactical knife qualifies them in knife combat. A lot of them are young, and I feel like they ought to think a little more about the bloody reality of knife fighting before they charge into situations unprepared. So sometimes I speak up on Bladeforums and offer up a small reality check.

I don't have training in knife fighting. I have trained in karate for a decade, but I still know when to run. Preparedness can save your life, but bravado will get you dead quick.
 
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