Understanding +p ammo

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I'm still fairly new to ballistics. From what I gather, the best round is going to be the best ratio between bullet weight and velocity. Then you factor in lack of penetration or over-penetration and you have a lot of factors to consider. And then there's +p...I know it's supposedly hard on your gun and can even overload some guns not rated for it. IIRC some +p loads I've seen in 9mm and .45 have the same velocities and bullet weights as their regular counterparts. What gives the +p extra power then? I know the key attribute in +p is pressure, but how does pressure translate into bullet performance? And is a +p 230 gr bullet dramatically better than say, a regular 230 gr. hydrashok, for example? What would a gelatin test look like between the two? THAT much difference?
 
So, would the added velocity be a problem in a gun with overpenetration concerns as it is, such as a 230 gr. 45? I'm going by Massad Ayoob's statements that a .45 is very hefty in penetration (and what I've seen out shooting as well, it isnt a fast bullet but punches through quite nicely, even with JHPS)
 
Over penetration is always a concern in an urban setting, but it does not take precedence over the life and death matter at hand, IMO.

One issue is always certain (your life, or others' lives are at stake) and the other is not always (whether there is someone behind the attacker, or in the next room and where).

If you sacrifice too much penetration, you lower your chances of effectively stopping the threat.

You must weigh these factors on your own and make an educated decision.

I would rather have more penetration than not enough. In a .45ACP, if you are using a good JHP, you probably don't need a +P round as most of these penetrate pretty well without +P. Here is an example.

http://www.firearmstactical.com/images/Wound Profiles/45 ACP WW STHP.jpg

I have chosen 230gr Speer Gold Dots.

15569_1269501020707_1325280006_7542.jpg

http://www.firearmstactical.com/briefs9.htm
 
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RockymtnTactical - that generalization could be dangerous. In the sense of handloading, more pressure doesn't always equal more velocity. Powder burn rate affects pressure and speed. A fast burning powder will reach peak pressure faster, but it will not sustain that pressure for very long. This means fast acceleration at the beginning, but letting off the gas so to speak before the bullet leaves the barrel. Slow burning powders reach peak pressure later, but maintain a higher pressure longer. This means the bullet accelerates a little slower (relative here) but for a much longer time period, which results in faster exit velocities and lower pressures.

For example, my fastest MV load data for my .308 actually is 5-10k lower peak pressure than some of the slower MV loads that I have, depending on the powder used.

AUN - +P is a marketing gimmick for the most part. SAAMI has max pressure for each round. Most manufacturers don't load to the max pressures. The +P loaded stuff is closer to max SAAMI pressure (when you are purchasing it from stores). There is an actual spec for .38 spc +P as well as a 9mm +P. When handloading, it is feasible to exceed the .38sp pressures and still be within the .38sp +P max pressure ratings. IF I had my load data here, I could probably give you a load that meets the "+P" speeds that companies are listing without exceeding the regular pressure limits. There are exceptions, but for the most part the +P stuff is closer to the hot end of the regular specs. instead of surpassing it when it is factory loaded ammo.

BTW - SAAMI max pressures difference between .38sp and .38sp+P is 1.5k psi, which isn't much. .45 and .45+P is 2k psi. That, in general is about .1 grains difference in powder charge or less.
 
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Also depends on barrel length and bullet weight as well.

I don't think it is a dangerous generalization. It's just a generalization. A lot goes into choosing your own particular load.
 
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