357 Magnum loading for Cowboy Action Shooting - component availability issues

. . .

As asked, what powders are available to you??

I am going to see what pwoders are available, but first I am going to use the online published data from the powder manufacturers to winnow down the list of worthy contenders. As you can see from my last posting above this one, there are some surprises even in the data provided by the manufacturers that make me wonder who and how some of the offical recommendations came about!

Jim G
 
Note, that Hodgden lists the use of a Mag Primer for any cartridge that has "Magnum" in it's name
I have spoken with them and they indicate it is just for consistency

You do not need a mag primer for TG, HP38 Unique and similar powders. Pretty much just the real slow powder like H110 and full mag loads need one.
 
Note, that Hodgden lists the use of a Mag Primer for any cartridge that has "Magnum" in it's name
I have spoken with them and they indicate it is just for consistency

You do not need a mag primer for TG, HP38 Unique and similar powders. Pretty much just the real slow powder like H110 and full mag loads need one.

That makes sense.

Jim G
 
and was surprised to see that the erxtreme boundaries on a 4.1g target drop were 4.0 to 4.2!

My concern with the Dillon properly metering flake powders is based on what I've read here and other places, and particularly with powders like Unique. It depends on your tolerance for variation. Personally, I think RedDot or Unique would be excellent for your application... availability and/or metering might be a sticking point, but, again, I've not found those powders particularly sensitive to minor variations in drop weight.

BUT here is what Hodgdon's own online loading guides shows for a 158 g cast lead bullet in a 357 Magnum cartridge:

That data is for .357MAG velocities, with cast bullets... that is not CAS data, you are misinterpeting what you are reading.
 
As far as flake powders go I have used many pounds of Clays with Dillon machines.

I’d probably start in the area of 4.4 grains with a 158gn 793-803 fps out of one my 4” revolvers by my records.

For SASS I’d probably go with 125’s though. Not like you have to meet a powerfactor.
 
Oh, oh. I just checked the Hodgdon reloading guide. It is true that Hodgdon indeed recommends Titegroup for CAS. BUT here is what Hodgdon's own online loading guides shows for a 158 g cast lead bullet in a 357 Magnum cartridge:

View attachment 1135870

Note:

1. The pressure runs a bit high compared to Trail Boss, running from 19,300 CUP at minimum recommended load to 24,900 CUP at maximum load.

2. The velocity even at minimum load of 4.5g is 1028, and hits 1108 at maximum load of 5.0g. This is pretty much all bad news:
- You cannot use less than 4.5g of powder at even the minimum load
- The entire safe loading range is only 0.5g, which is only 10% of maximum safe load. That's too small a safe range, that outright makes impossible the often recommended 70% start point for load development and testing
- That 0.5g range changes the velocity by 80 fps, which is a lot for that small a change in powder grains
- The entire safe range of 1028 to 1108 is way too high for CAS, from both recoil and barrel lead deposition perspectives. Normal CAS loads show more like 700 to 800 fps out of 10" test barrels

Based on all the above, I cannot see why Hodgdon recommends this powder for CAS. :(

Jim G

Meh, my TG Cowboy load is 4.0 grains of TG under a hi-tek coated 158 RNFP or hi-tek coated SWC. With TG,you can download as much as you want...just take a brass rod to the range with you if you get crazy with sub 600 fps rounds. I've ran it down to 3.8 as well, but at 3.8 I had to crimp heavier to reduce case soot and get the brass to expand correctly in the cylinder. 4.0 grains is a very nice load, under 1000 fps in a Marlin repeater, ~ 850 in my blackhawk. There is no issue with that light of a charge in the 357 case at all. Lot of guys load 45 Colt for CAS just a grain more, 5.0, for a 200 grain projectile.......that load is practically lost in the big ol' colt case. Really though, my suggestion would be that you make a list of all the powders in that burn range, AA2, TG, the VV suggestions, etc....and just buy what you find. They'll all work for your needs, and once you dial it in, you may be surprised how much you like something you wouldn't have otherwise tried. Also, look for the Shooter's World powders....Cleanshot and Auto Pistol are very very close to AA2 and AA5.
 
. . .
That data is for .357MAG velocities, with cast bullets... that is not CAS data, you are misinterpeting what you are reading.

This is the ONLY data that Hodgdon provides for a 158 g cast bullet - the bullet most commonly used in CAS when shooting either .38 Special or .357 Magnum! So, you read their blurb about TightGroup being ideal for CAS and then they give you THIS recipe! Not a good move on their part.

I always put a lot of credibiity into how the manufacturer of a powder says its product can or should be used, since they desgined it and produce it, so I always look there first. So, this was a shock.

Jim G
 
This is the ONLY data that Hodgdon provides for a 158 g cast bullet - the bullet most commonly used in CAS when shooting either .38 Special or .357 Magnum! So, you read their blurb about TightGroup being ideal for CAS and then they give you THIS recipe! Not a good move on their part.

I always put a lot of credibiity into how the manufacturer of a powder says its product can or should be used, since they desgined it and produce it, so I always look there first. So, this was a shock.

Jim G
The Hodgdon data is also for a CAST bullet. The bullets that OP has ordered are Hornady and they are a SWAGED bullet using much softer lead. OP use the data that jmorris provided from the Hornady manual.
 
As far as flake powders go I have used many pounds of Clays with Dillon machines.

I’d probably start in the area of 4.4 grains with a 158gn 793-803 fps out of one my 4” revolvers by my records.

For SASS I’d probably go with 125’s though. Not like you have to meet a powerfactor.

The 158g bullets are popular for CAS when shooting .38 or .357 (versus 45 Long Colt) for several reasons, some technical and some non-technical:

- It's the "traditional" bullet weight for not only .38 and .357, but also apparently representative of weights used in the smaller caliber Old West black powder calibers

- It carries an acceptable combination of momentum (mass x velocity) and energy (mass x velocity squared) to reliably knock down metal knockdown targets, while still keeping recoil modest. This is particularly important for female, senior, and physically smaller guys, and for shooters who choose the physically smaller SA models from Uberti et al because they have small hands

- It can give the above features while keeping the velocity low enough to keep barrel lead deposition low

- It favours momentum over energy compared to lower weight bullets, and human body damage from a momentum versus energy oriented round is generally lower. (This is why the U.S. military .223 round was instead designed as a low momentum but very high energy round). So the effects of an errant shot or accidental discharge are going to be less than with, say, a 125g bullet needing to run at a higher velocity in order to knock down metal targets.

The least pleasant firearms I have ever fired were .357 Magnum revolvers firing 125g bullets at over 1400 fps. It wasn't that the recoil was huge in magnitude, but rather that it was so SHARP. To have the same momentum as a 158g bullet (to knock down the knockdown targets), the 125g bullet needs to move at a 26% higher velocity. So, basically, it needs to be moving at about 1000 fps or faster.

Jim G
 
The Accurate Arms Number Two reloading manual has a section for Cowboy Action loads. For a 158 gr. LSWC in .357, it lists 4.0 to 5.0 gr. of AA#2 with corresponding velocities of 864 to 1008 fps.

In .38 Spl. cases it drops the load to 3.6 to 4.0 gr. of #2 (764 to 869 fps), or 5.3 to 5.9 gr. AA#5 (821 to 940 fps).
 
The Hodgdon data is also for a CAST bullet. The bullets that OP has ordered are Hornady and they are a SWAGED bullet using much softer lead. OP use the data that jmorris provided from the Hornady manual.

Good point! It has been many years since I shot CAS and therefor many years since I have used unjacketed lead bullets. I need to research how swaged bullets differ in performance from cast bullets, and how that affects peak pressures, lead deposition in the barrel, etc., for safety, maintenance, and performance reasons.

Jim G
 
It's the "traditional" bullet weight for not only .38 and .357, but also apparently representative of weights used in the smaller caliber Old West black powder calibers

You can read the rules or just ask what everyone else is running at the next match or on their forum. Like this fellow.

https://forums.sassnet.com/index.php?/topic/279214-your-favorite-38-special-load-for-cas/

Probably as many 105’s as 158’s, more 120-130 than anything else.

People that make bullets just for that game often don’t offer 150+ grain bullets until much larger calibers.

https://slipperybullets.com/product-category/cowboy-action-bullets/

In any case it’s hard to argue a 125gn isn’t a standard bullet weight for 357 Mag, even the chart on wiki shows more 125gn loads than 158.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.357_Magnum

A 38 caliber round ball is 67gn.
 
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Good point! It has been many years since I shot CAS and therefor many years since I have used unjacketed lead bullets. I need to research how swaged bullets differ in performance from cast bullets, and how that affects peak pressures, lead deposition in the barrel, etc., for safety, maintenance, and performance reasons.

Jim G

You will be fine with the Hornady data it works With A Lead Bullet been using Hornady data for 35 years. Hornady #10 just has smaller charges for slower rounds.

It's Cowboy Action have fun and enjoy almost everyone uses Mouse Fart Loads. :)
 
You can read the rules or just ask what everyone else is running at the next match or on their forum. Like this fellow.

https://forums.sassnet.com/index.php?/topic/279214-your-favorite-38-special-load-for-cas/

Probably as many 105’s as 158’s, more 120-130 than anything else.

People that make bullets just for that game often don’t offer 150+ grain bullets until much larger calibers.

https://slipperybullets.com/product-category/cowboy-action-bullets/

In any case it’s hard to argue a 125gn isn’t a standard bullet weight for 357 Mag, even the chart on wiki shows more 125gn loads than 158.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.357_Magnum

A 38 caliber round ball is 67gn.

I would agree that a 125g bullet is the BEST weight for 357 Magnum - IF the handgun is being used for self defence. In studying actual shooting reports, I doubt you'd find ANY handgun round to be more effective overall as a manstopper than a 125g jacketed hollowpoint at 1400 to 1500 fps from a 357 Mag firearm (or from a 357 SIG autopistol), unless you really, really want to carry a .44 Magnum.

BUT, that 125g bullet, at that velocity would be wildly illegal in CAS. CAS is unusual (unique?) in specifying, and emphasizing, MAXIMUM allowable velocities. This is because higher velocities than specified can damage the metal targets OR can present unnecessary bounce-back danger to shooters, officials, and bystanders.

I see merit in using 125g unjacketed lead bullets in CAS at LOW velocities to get lower recoil, but the low velocities plus lower weight create the possiblity of failure to knock down a knockdown target. In CAS, a "ping" on a knockdown target is not sufficient. The target has to actually go down. Most knockdown targets have a hinge at the bottom. So, a "light" hit to the top might still take the target down because of the leverage the metal target exerts on the hinge. But a light hit closer to the hinge might not take it down.

We also need to remember that the single action replica revolvers used in CAS have FIXED sights, that usually consist merely of a blade front and a groove in the upper strap of the revolver! Properly "adjusting" such sights involves filing the front sight for elevation correction (which is not reversible of course) and rotating the barrel (which is a REALLY BIG DEAL) for windage correction (No, you cannot simply bend the front sight). I doubt that ANY of those revolvers, as delivered from the factory, come set up for 125g bullets.

A shooter CAN ignore such issues, but I can't.

Jim G
 
Case fill and good metering are inversely perportional. Just as you have personally observed with trail boss good fill means terrible metering. If I was in your position I would be looking for a ball powder as they charge most accurately on your Dillon measure. I prefer flake because of case fill but I weigh every charge. I suspect hurco or another would give you excellent fill with acceptable immunity to small variations like unique. Either will function great. If your looking for a ball powder true blue is cheap and is supper fine ball.
 
Well I opened up my Hornady Handbook of Cartridge Reloading version 10, and found the following data for the bullet I will be using (Hornady 158g SWC swaged, item no. 10408):

Hornady 158g swaged SWC no. 10408 loading data ver 10 loading manual - 1.jpeg

Note that this table shows data for TiteGroup that is quite different than what Hodgdon shows for Titegroup with a cast 158g bullet. Hodgon showed a range of 4.5 g to 5.0 g with a velocity range 1028 fps to 1128 fps, out of a 10" barrel.

Here, Hornady shows their 158g swaged SWC with a Titegroup powder range of 2.9 g to 4.1g with a velocity range of 700 fps to 900 fps, out of an 8" Colt python barrel. (The barrel data is not printed on the page I photographed, but is shown at the very start of the 357 Magnum section of the loading manual.)

No pressure data is provided by Hornady, but since they are driving the swaged bullet to only a maximum of 900 fps, with only 4.1 g of Titegroup, the pressure cannot be very high.

The Accurate No. 5 is interesting, because it uses a minimum of 5.5 g and a maximum of 7.0 g within the same exact fps range. Some of you might be familiar enough with Accurate No. 5 to explain to me why this is so.

The Vihtavuori N340 is interesting as well, because it also uses more powder (3.9 g to 5.2 g), and I have used it a lot in the past, gotten great accuracy, and it burned VERY clean.

Unique is similar to the N340 in its total span of range, but uses 0.5 to 0.6 g less throughout than the N340 for similar velocities.

Of course, a lot depends upon which of these powders is actually available to me here in Canada, now, and in the forseeable future.

Keeping in mind that:
- I want to get muzzle velocity in the 750 to 800 fps range out of my 4.75" handgun barrels (versus the 8" Colt Python barrel Hornday used),
- That I am loading on a progressive press (Dillon XL750 with its OEM unaltered powder feed system)
- That I want consistency of cartridge performance (i.e. consistent powder drop is better, fuller case is better but none of these powders is going to fill much of a 357 Magnum case)
- Safety is important to me, so operating at a lower % of maximum load makes me feel better, in case the Dillon throws some extra powder into some cases
- I'd like to minimize leading, but I don't think the choice of powder will affect that since I am going for the same fps range with all of them.

and, importantly, remembering any good and bad features of the Titegroup, Accurate No.5, VV N340, or Unique powders that you have personal experience with, that the above table does not show,

in which order would you recommend I search for these powders at Canadian reseller websites?

p.s. I looked up the shapes of each of these powders:
unique = flake
Titegroup = ball
Accurate No. 5 = ball
VV N340 = extruded tubular

for what that's worth in the evaluation.
Jim G
 
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upload_2023-2-25_18-4-50.png
Well I opened up my Hornady Handbook of Cartridge Reloading version 10, and found the following data for the bullet I will be using (Hornady 158g SWC swaged, item no. 10408):

View attachment 1135927

Note that this table shows data for TiteGroup that is quite different than what Hodgdon shows for Titegroup with a cast 158g bullet. Hodgon showed a range of 4.5 g to 5.0 g with a velocity range 1028 fps to 1128 fps, out of a 10" barrel.

Here, Hornady shows their 158g swaged SWC with a Titegroup powder range of 2.9 g to 4.1g with a velocity range of 700 fps to 900 fps, out of an 8" Colt python barrel. (The barrel data is not printed on the page I photographed, but is shown at the very start of the 357 Magnum section of the loading manual.)

No pressure data is provided by Hornady, but since they are driving the swaged bullet to only a maximum of 900 fps, with only 4.1 g of Titegroup, the pressure cannot be very high.

The Accurate No. 5 is interesting, because it uses a minimum of 5.5 g and a maximum of 7.0 g within the same exact fps range. Some of you might be familiar enough with Accurate No. 5 to explain to me why this is so.

The Vihtavuori N340 is interesting as well, because it also uses more powder (3.9 g to 5.2 g), and I have used it a lot in the past, gotten great accuracy, and it burned VERY clean.

Unique is similar to the N340 in its total span of range, but uses 0.5 to 0.6 g less throughout than the N340 for similar velocities.

Of course, a lot depends upon which of these powders is actually available to me here in Canada, now, and in the forseeable future.

Keeping in mind that:
- I want to get muzzle velocity in the 750 to 800 fps range out of my 4.75" handgun barrels (versus the 8" Colt Python barrel Hornday used),
- That I am loading on a progressive press (Dillon XL750 with its OEM unaltered powder feed system)
- That I want consistency of cartridge performance (i.e. consistent powder drop is better, fuller case is better but none of these powders is going to fill much of a 357 Magnum case)
- Safety is important to me, so operating at a lower % of maximum load makes me feel better, in case the Dillon throws some extra powder into some cases
- I'd like to minimize leading, but I don't think the choice of powder will affect that since I am going for the same fps range with all of them.

and, importantly, remembering any good and bad features of the Titegroup, Accurate No.5, VV N340, or Unique powders that you have personal experience with, that the above table does not show,

in which order would you recommend I search for these powders at Canadian reseller websites?

p.s. I looked up the shapes of each of these powders:
unique = flake
Titegroup = ball
Accurate No. 5 = ball
VV N340 = extruded tubular

for what that's worth in the evaluation.
Jim G
I like this graph to help evaluate your case fill questions, I know it doesn't have a lot of the powders in question but a good start
 
View attachment 1135942
I like this graph to help evaluate your case fill questions, I know it doesn't have a lot of the powders in question but a good start

Does that "Load Density (Volume)" column mean what percent of the case's volume is filled? If so, that means that some of the IMR4227 and Lil Gun loads were compressed, right? Interestingly, the most accurate loads (AA#7) had nowhere near full cases, but rather 59% to 65%. I do recall that m,any years ago, when I was loading Vihtavuori N-series powders powders in 9mm, 38 Sper, 40 S&W, and 45 ACP, the cases were nowhere near full and I still got incredibly good accuracy.

Jim G
 
Does that "Load Density (Volume)" column mean what percent of the case's volume is filled? If so, that means that some of the IMR4227 and Lil Gun loads were compressed, right? Interestingly, the most accurate loads (AA#7) had nowhere near full cases, but rather 59% to 65%. I do recall that m,any years ago, when I was loading Vihtavuori N-series powders powders in 9mm, 38 Sper, 40 S&W, and 45 ACP, the cases were nowhere near full and I still got incredibly good accuracy.

Jim G
Yes. Do note there are small density variations so that information is the lots they tested... you can also use Lee vmd charts to select high volume powders.
 
I would agree that a 125g bullet is the BEST weight for 357 Magnum - IF the handgun is being used for self defence. In studying actual shooting reports, I doubt you'd find ANY handgun round to be more effective overall as a manstopper than a 125g jacketed hollowpoint at 1400 to 1500 fps from a 357 Mag firearm...
Self defense loads are not relevant, if we’re discussing loads for Cowboy Action Shooting. Nobody is suggesting you use bullets this fast for your stated purpose.

I see merit in using 125g unjacketed lead bullets in CAS at LOW velocities to get lower recoil, but the low velocities plus lower weight create the possiblity of failure to knock down a knockdown target.
While I do participate in a number of shooting sports, CAS is not one I play in regularly. But any CAS match I’ve seen always used static steel targets. Do they do it differently where you shoot? I skimmed through the SASS rules but did not see any mention of types of targets used.

I did find it noteworthy that SASS allows a power factor of 60 (mass in grains * velocity in fps / 1000). Sports like USPSA or IDPA which do use knock down targets have a minimum power factor of 125. Such a low PF for CAS would indicate knock down targets are not in use.

If shooting static targets, loading any higher than minimum will do nothing for you except slow your shot-to-shot times. Which is why mouse fart loads are popular in this particular sport.

Or are you shooting somewhere that uses a different set of rules?

We also need to remember that the single action replica revolvers used in CAS have FIXED sights, that usually consist merely of a blade front and a groove in the upper strap of the revolver! Properly "adjusting" such sights involves filing the front sight for elevation correction (which is not reversible of course) and rotating the barrel (which is a REALLY BIG DEAL) for windage correction (No, you cannot simply bend the front sight). I doubt that ANY of those revolvers, as delivered from the factory, come set up for 125g bullets.
So where does your gun actually shoot with 125s and 158s at typical CAS distances? Have you tried both? It might be beneficial to try some before dismissing them out of hand.

We understand you wanting to get your guns set up right and not doing anything to them that would be difficult to undo. But I expect the difference in POI will be negligible, for your stated purpose.
A shooter CAN ignore such issues, but I can't.
Let me ask you a question: have you tried shooting a CAS match yet? Have you talked with other shooters at these matches to see what they load with?

You want to go shoot a match that features REALLY BIG targets set at close range. The challenge is not in stacking precision shots one on top of another. The challenge comes in seeing just how fast you can push yourself to get “good enough” hits on those big targets. A center hit doesn’t score any better than an edge hit. Gun handling at speed is going to be more important than whether your POI is a quarter inch off at 10 yards.

Don’t take this the wrong way. You come across as one who wants to get everything set up just right before starting. You would be better off to go shoot a few matches with what you have, do some shooting on the timer, talk to people, and get some practical experience.

Several people here are giving you good advice, and you seem to be dismissing it out of hand.
 
Jim G, what powders do you have in hand now? TB we know, but, is that it? Unique, W231 if you can get them. Universal is another good powder.

The only powders I have on hand right now are VV 3N38 (for my 9mm), IMR4350 (for my rifle) and the 9 ounces of Trail Boss for the CAS firearms. I just spent an hour on the phone with a good friend who knows the Canadian powder situation way better than me, but whose primary interest is F-Class long distance rifle ("Belly Benchrest"). He did tell me a couple of things:
- Tightgroup is VERY tough to find right now anywhere in Canada
- Unique is rather dirty in its burn which is not great for CAS since matches can include many stages within one day with lots of shots fired within a few hours
- He gave me a reseller's name here in Alberta that he believes carries Vihtavuori powders, but they may be mostly the rifle powders. Worth a call though
- He agreed wholeheartedly that regular SP primers would be fine

He also said that if I don't find the right powder solution soon, he and a couple of his local buddies plan to attend 2 gun shows within the next few weeks, so they will look for Trail Boss (you never know who might have a couple of pounds) and whichever of my above list of powders I might want them to look for.

Jim G
 
Yes. Do note there are small density variations so that information is the lots they tested... you can also use Lee vmd charts to select high volume powders.

I did not know about the Lee vmd charts. Thank-you!

Jim G
 
The only powders I have on hand right now are VV 3N38 (for my 9mm), IMR4350 (for my rifle) and the 9 ounces of Trail Boss for the CAS firearms. I just spent an hour on the phone with a good friend who knows the Canadian powder situation way better than me, but whose primary interest is F-Class long distance rifle ("Belly Benchrest"). He did tell me a couple of things:
- Tightgroup is VERY tough to find right now anywhere in Canada
- Unique is rather dirty in its burn which is not great for CAS since matches can include many stages within one day with lots of shots fired within a few hours
- He gave me a reseller's name here in Alberta that he believes carries Vihtavuori powders, but they may be mostly the rifle powders. Worth a call though
- He agreed wholeheartedly that regular SP primers would be fine

He also said that if I don't find the right powder solution soon, he and a couple of his local buddies plan to attend 2 gun shows within the next few weeks, so they will look for Trail Boss (you never know who might have a couple of pounds) and whichever of my above list of powders I might want them to look for.

Jim G
Unique does clean up as you go higher but that will work counter to your needs as the increased recoil. Faster powders will generate less speed and recoil but cleaner burn. This works counter to your case fill goals. Tightgroup is hard to find because it's very clean, cheap, and works well. In light of that my dad used ramshot competition. It follows patern with the other patterns with the good and bad.
 
The only powders I have on hand right now are VV 3N38 (for my 9mm), IMR4350 (for my rifle) and the 9 ounces of Trail Boss for the CAS firearms. I just spent an hour on the phone with a good friend who knows the Canadian powder situation way better than me, but whose primary interest is F-Class long distance rifle ("Belly Benchrest"). He did tell me a couple of things:
- Tightgroup is VERY tough to find right now anywhere in Canada
- Unique is rather dirty in its burn which is not great for CAS since matches can include many stages within one day with lots of shots fired within a few hours
- He gave me a reseller's name here in Alberta that he believes carries Vihtavuori powders, but they may be mostly the rifle powders. Worth a call though
- He agreed wholeheartedly that regular SP primers would be fine

He also said that if I don't find the right powder solution soon, he and a couple of his local buddies plan to attend 2 gun shows within the next few weeks, so they will look for Trail Boss (you never know who might have a couple of pounds) and whichever of my above list of powders I might want them to look for.

Jim G

Unique is NO Dirtier than Trail Boss, so don't let that worry you.

Trail Boss in a 357 magnum using 3.2 grains with a 158 grain Lead Bullet (from the Hodgdon web site) would give 1,230 rounds per 9 oz. bottle which could possibly make 10 matches depending on the number of stages.

I used to use Trail Boss a lot; a 5 lb. jug makes 10,000 rounds @3.5. Imagine how I know.

So, go shoot the matches and gather more supplies as you can :)

This data is also from the Hodgdon web site.

01CFF648-A571-424B-BD2D-2ADBF6F843D4.jpeg
 
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