Legal stuff is where you live, here in AZ, if you are 18 and not a prohibited possessor, (felon, Lautneberg), you go to the store, plunk your money down, fill out the paperwork, suffer a 15 minute check, and walk out with it, and any ammo/accessories you want to get.Check with your locla gun shop to see what you need, and don't fudge it.
Now for cheap and good, if milsurp there is always the ubiquitous Mosin Nagant, I reccomend the 91/30 for nothing but range, the M-44 with attached pigsticker for fun. The sticky bolt phenomenon is pretty easily cured with a dril chucked with a 20 gause brush and some heavy degreaser sprayed in the chamber after firing abotu5 rounds, otherwise the bolt can be REALLY sticky to open with cheap surplus ammo.
Another favorite is the British Enfield No4Mk1*, but factory ammo is not cheap, I reload all mine, great rifle.
Or, hit the pawn shops and see what's out there, Savage usually is had cheap, good solid rifles.