I'm writing this from memory, so I may have some details a little screwed up....
The CZ-52 was built by a different division of the company, during the Communist period -- the division that built rifles. That was CZ Strakonice -- with a long and great history of making long guns. The division that later built the modern CZ-75 was building motorcycles and heavy equipment when the CZ-52 was designed and produced. That was CZ-Brno. (Strakonice and Brno are the towns where the factories were located.)
In other words, the CZ-52 was built by a different company; but both of the companies were subsidiaries of a larger industrial complex under Communist rule. The folks who later went on to design and build the CZ-75 and the factory in which they were and are made had nothing to do with the CZ-52's design or production.
With the fall of the Communist Bloc, the newer division in Brno, building handguns, became a "capitalist" organization, but basically had to start from scratch -- as there was no "government" funding available.
There are CZs and CZs. Any gun made or assembled in Czechoslovakia or the Czech Republic can (and often will) carry the CZ designation, but it may have nothing to do with the firm building the guns we call CZs. Some of the TT series of CZs, that came into the US a few years back, were made from Tanfoglio components, but assembled in the Czech Republic, were also called CZs. The importer -- ADCO -- made a big deal out of it's CZ heritage in their advertising; it was mostly sham, but using CZ in their product name was technically correct. That factory (or assembly point) was known as CZ Strojirna, apparently in the Strakonice area. The ADCO CZs, including the CZ TT-45 had a less than stellar record...
There is a long, proud tradition of gun-making in the Czech Republic, but it helps to understand some of the details.