It's important to make a distinction in violence between "hurt" and "injury." "Hurt" can be toughed out and worked through (or not even felt due to drugs or adrenaline). "Injury" in the sense that something is broken and doesn't function anymore is objective. If the connective tissue in the elbow is torn so than the forearm and hand below no longer function...who cares if it "hurts?"
If the connective tissue isn't torn and the elbow still functions, you haven't accomplished anything you could bet your life on.
Training with "aliveness" or resistance ala MMA has some great advantages (as discussed here and elsewhere) but some huge disadvantages as well. If I'm training to break things inside of people...how do I train that full speed against a resisting opponent? Either I fail and prove that what I'm doing sucks...or I succeed and my training partner goes to the hospital and I go to jail.
Criminals don't train (much, some do a little in prison)...they just injure people anyway they can. They don't "prove" it in MMA gyms...they prove it in the news headlines. Want to survive a violent conflict? Do what criminals do, injure them 1st.
What if they jump you and injure you 1st? Well, either they keep going and kill you...or you have a moment where you can move and function and you injure them and keep going until they are done.
As far as anatomy is concerned, the annals of sports medicine are filled with places athletes commonly get injured by a body colliding with them or them colliding with the planet. All these areas of the body are what is vulnerable to you injuring on purpose in a violent situation.
Knee, ankle, groin, eye, neck, clavicle, spleen, kidney, liver, jaw, throat, brain (via concussion), etc...(elbow too
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