Yes it was once very common/acceptable practice and legal for police and citizens to use deadly force to stop thieves running with value of felony theft because they were fleeing felons IF the fleeing felon would not stop. The felon did not have to be a VIOLENT fleeing felon....just a fleeing felon.
I think you'll find that that temporary change from the Common Law was due to the evolution in the law regarding the definition of a felon, and that it represented a departure from the original intent of the law.
Originally,
all felonies were violent; theft was not a felony.
Wtih high-value theft or defacement of property, bad checks, odometer roll-back, and so on having later been classified as felonies, it is patently obvious to me that the underlying concept of the Common Law, as later embodied in state laws, no longer applied, and something had to change, and it has.
Now, under most states' laws, you can only use deadly force outside burglary/arson/breaking-entering/home invasion to stop a violent felony and quite possibly a violent fleeing felon...such as a bank robber running with a weapon in his hand who is still obviously a threat to bystanders.
Yes, and to me that is the one departure from the law of old.
So why does the new law make sense? Well, in the old days, if the guy ran into the heath ahead of the constable, he would most likely never be arrested and brought to trial--he was
gone and he had shown a propensity for committing violent crimes. Same thing for a Dakota bank robber riding into the badlands, or for a murderous Texas couple speeding off in a Ford before there were police radios or airplanes. So, shooting the violent felon before he got away was often the only way to effect an arrest.
That's no longer really true. Now it is highly likely that he will be caught through the use of internet data dissemination, radio, aircraft, and DNA.
So now, the question of necessity has changed.
The simple fleeing felon rule in most states won't cut it....Gardner VS TN did away with that for police...it upped the stander to VIOLENT fleeing felon for police...so states seemed to have changed their state laws to conform with that court ruling when dealing with fleeing felons.
The ruling in
Garner v. Tennessee and other consistent changes
returned the standard to where it had been in covering only violent crimes, and
added the requirement that the violent fleeing felon present a danger to the officer or to others. The former is in my opinion a needed correction from a situation neither foreseen nor intended at the time the law was originally framed; the latter, I presume, is based on the assumption that in today's situation, the perp will ultimately be caught and brought to trial even if he initially escapes.