Unless you handload "right to the bleeding edge" and try to duplicate, say, Buffalo Bore ballistics, you're not going to seriously hurt these guns even with a steady diet of 357 versus 38spl. With modern metallurgy, the SAA sized platform in 357 isn't at all "marginal".
What's more likely to break first is springs, followed by various small "inner bits".
A tight-fitting base pin and minimal end shake are one key to protecting those, by reducing the amount of "extra clanking around" that happens when you fire.
And that's why I own a Ruger New Vaquero in 357. Same size, same heft gun as what you're talking about but all coil springs inside versus flat. And if I need to tighten the action up with a Belt Mountain base basepin.
And as a bonus, three different sizes/shapes of hammers are available and a ton of different grip frames, stock and aftermarket. The Ruger can be customized to any hand size. Mine now sports a SuperBlackHawk hammer that dropped straight in.
No other SAA clone or near-clone offers that flexibility.
The Ruger New Vaq is a "near clone" of the SAA because while it's physically similar to an SAA, it has a modern transfer bar safety (also present in the Taurus Gaucho and Beretta Stampede). These "transfer bar SAAs" are more expensive by a bit than the Italian no-safety guns but in my opinion are worth it, esp. the Ruger for it's flexibility and aftermarket parts/upgrades available.