"Special Use" Permit
Near where I live, we have a "combined use" range (used for .gov, .mil, and civilian practice & training) that is the subject of a "special use" permit.
It's on Federal Land (Coeur d'Alene National Forest), but it's managed by a local club (FRGC = Fernan Rod & Gun Club).
We have gated access, and we do a cleanup project at least once a year, involving a couple dozen members, weed whackers, and a small bulldozer.
Over time, we have erected a couple of buildings, got running water and power, and have a covered, concrete floored firing line with tables.
We still get more trash than you might think a private club should generate, but the "special use" permit and gated access keeps most of the idiots out. At $100 per year, I believe it's worth the cost.
If you want to preserve a wilderness area for shooting, you might look into the special use permit thing. A few dozen members at a reasonable annual membership rate can fund all the maintenance you need. A couple hundred members can achieve some nice improvements.
Of course, there being no free lunch, somebody has to manage the club, the range, and any facilities.
It's real work, but it's also worth it.