The two most essential:
* knife
* fire
If you plan to be needing this for more than a day, I strongly suggest a good hatchet -- one with the hammer face on the back of the head. A hammer is the kind of thing that has no substitute, and if you don't believe me, just try making a serviceable hammer when you don't already have one. Bashing things with rocks tends to bruise your hands (very bad for survival) about as much as it does useful work.
Consider making a drop-leg sheath for your hatchet, mounted with the head down. Ready to hand, saves space (and weight) in the pack.
I saw a survival book once, where the author had a .22 rifle included, and he made a sling out of paracord. (I don't recall the book, sorry.) Nice way to store some extra cord, but only if you consider the sling expendable.
* knife
* fire
If you plan to be needing this for more than a day, I strongly suggest a good hatchet -- one with the hammer face on the back of the head. A hammer is the kind of thing that has no substitute, and if you don't believe me, just try making a serviceable hammer when you don't already have one. Bashing things with rocks tends to bruise your hands (very bad for survival) about as much as it does useful work.
Consider making a drop-leg sheath for your hatchet, mounted with the head down. Ready to hand, saves space (and weight) in the pack.
I saw a survival book once, where the author had a .22 rifle included, and he made a sling out of paracord. (I don't recall the book, sorry.) Nice way to store some extra cord, but only if you consider the sling expendable.