Ping?
I understand the love and effection of the Garand and have lusted for a really pristine example myself. However, I don't think George Patton himself, who made the famous quote, would look to the latest advancements in today's firearm marketplace and makethe choice that would give the greates bang for buck for soldiers.
In addition, since you said you wanted a "Battle Rifle" not a "Battle Carbine", the .223 AR and the 7.62X39 guns are not on the list, even though they a re excellent, excellent platforms, they DO NOT fit the defenition of "Battle Rifle".
So your left with only a few choices as I see it. YEs, Hakims, Ljungmans, FN49s, etc are all great C&R rifles, but they are outdated and parts are VERY hard to find.
Therefore: Drumroll please>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
You are left with:
M1A, FAL, .308 AR PLatform, PTR-91, CETME, VEPR or Saiga Rifle
Any of those f6 are awesome weapons, if you choose a choice example and ay the price, but only a couple fit in your budget:
An FAL will require a liitle more savings, but has many pluses, including $5-7.00 mags
A Polytech or Norinco M1A fits the bill, but some have a problem with Chinese clones. I own one and it shoots great and has had noproblems (Polytech).
PTR-91: This looks like a great choice but I have no personal experience.
VEPR: Now we are talking. AK reliable, super fun and relatively fairly priced.
Cheapest, yet reliable: The Saiga rifle (previously imported by EEA) is a fantastic .308 battle rifle at an unbelievable price. KY Importers has them for < $300.00 and 20 round mags are coming this summer....best kept secret in America. Have had three different examples including both the 22" and 16-18" barrels. Boith are excellent!
Hope that helps....