i know how to calculate kinetic energy (i have advance degree in physics btw, ph.d actually), your formular is just with unit conversion included, also kinetic energy of the bullet is ALL of it, all of the energy there is to do the destruction, by physics law of conservation of energy, it will not be created out of thin air unfortunately. there's simply no other forms of energy the bullet carries, the heat is tiny amount which can be ignored, there's no powder inside bullet to burn so there's no chemical energy to use. the kinetic energy is all the energy to do the damage.
comparing to rifle round
5.56mm: 1/2*55*3200^2=281,600,000 (m193)
is about 4 times the kinetic energy compared to handgun bullets, while different handgun bullets carry about the same amount of kinetic energy
in case you are wondering, the .45acp should have more powder and more chemical energy burned than 5.7mm, how come the bullet carries similar amount? that's where momentum (which is m*velocity) comes into play, by conservation of momentum, the .45 recoils much more than 5.7, so more energy is wasted in recoil and goes to gun/shooter
now with about the same energy to begin with for handgun bullets, the efficiency to use that energy is what makes the difference, that's where different rounds/designs play their role, to best use the energy, from energy perspective:
1. you want the bullet to stay inside so no kinetic energy is wasted
2. ideally you don't want the bullet to fragment or deform (if it can do the same amount of damage), since the fragmentation/deformation of bullet itself will use quite a bit of energy, so tumbling is better than fragmentation, energy wise
3. you want to use more energy to tear apart things, not to grind and generate heat, so i'd think pointy nose with "sharper edge" will be better than round nose which is smooth everywhere