TRADITIONAL lever actions lock up at the rear of the receiver which usually limits the pressure they can tolerate and adds a bit of complexity to the design.
TRADITIONAL lever actions feed from a tubular magazine which puts limits on the types of bullets that can be used and also can make consistent out of the box accuracy problematic since free-floating the barrel is almost impossible. This design does allow for the use of very blunt-nosed bullets which can be an advantage in some ways.
TRADITIONAL bolt actions lock up at the front of the receiver and feed from a box magazine which makes them very strong and simple. The design doesn't hang anything off the barrel which means that good accuracy is usually easier to achieve. It does make feeding of blunt nosed bullets a bit tricky though.
Now, on the other hand, there have been rear lock bolt actions, bolt actions that feed from a tubular magazine, lever actions that feed from a box magazine and lever actions that lock up to the barrel.
So! That means that unless you specify particular guns that you want to compare, the only thing to really discuss about lever actions that applies to all of them is the actual lever vs the bolt.
Lever
Pluses
Quick. Easy to operate without losing a sight picture.
Minuses
A pain to operate prone or from the bench.
Bolts
Pluses
Easy to operate from prone.
Minuses
Difficult to operate without losing sight picture. A bit slower than levers.