Shooting rifles burns up barrels - some cartridges just do it more quickly than others. There are a lot of contributing factors to this science, and among them, I think expansion ratio is likely the only "big knob" in the picture; but powder composition, powder charge, pressure, and velocity all contribute to barrel wear - I'm convinced these much less than expansion ratio.
The leade is eroded forward, but we see firecracking within the rifled bore for a few inches, erosion of the lands for several inches... Empirically, we tend to see 5-7thou of leade erosion per hundred rounds, more for cartridges with greater "over bore ratios," and less, naturally, for less "overbore" cartridges.
Also calibrating here - when I talk about barrel life, I'm talking about stability of performance. Once broken in, after 150 rounds or so, barrels typically will offer VERY consistent group size and velocity with a given charge for a long time, and it's this period that I consider to the "life of the barrel" for PRS use (and did for benchrest and Service Rifle competition as well). I'm 11 barrels deep into 6 creedmoor, and every one of them so far has lost speed by 1200 rounds, so asking them to survive to 1400-1500 rounds means I'm tolerating gradual velocity loss, and my barrels behave differently by the last shot of a 2 day PRS match than they were on the first shot ~220 rounds earlier. That's pretty serviceable for 1 day PRS matches where we're only shooting 80-100 rounds, but for a 2 day match, ESPECIALLY any dirty/dusty match location or suppressor only match where we might need to push a few patches between Day 1 and 2 to ensure the rifles keep running right on Day 2. Generally, I've seen barrels start giving up around 15fps per hundred rounds when they start slipping, and that accelerates pretty quickly - one of my 6 Creed barrels was giving up over 30fps per 100 rnds by the time I pulled it off of the rifle. Conceding, even these "burned out barrels" will still shoot ridiculously small groups at 100yrds, any of them still holding well under 1MOA, and usually often still hanging onto about 1/2moa for 3-5 shots at 100. But they're not reliable at long range throughout 100-200 rounds - and when I consider each 2 day, Pro Series match costs me ~$1000 and each 1 day Regional Series match costs me ~$300, I don't really have interest in milking an extra few hundred rounds out of a barrel which might take a dump and cost me a lot of ranking places at a match... But those barrels will generally still shoot better than any factory rifle on the market, but we pull them off and stick them in the garden to hold up tomato plants.