I find the original question to be too vague and should realize that there can be more than one answer. For instance, there's a difference between one in the chamber and cocked and locked.
1. If it's a double action only or SA/DA with a decocker, then I have no problem carrying one in the chamber. But I will decock it if available.
2. If it's a single action only with an external hammer, (1911A1); I have no problem with one chambered, but I do lower the hammer. (Yes, it can be done safely)
3. If it's an internal HAMMER, that can't be lowered, and it's single action, then I won't carry a round in the chamber. If it was MADE by man, it CAN and eventually WILL fail. But then again, I wouldn't have this type of weapon as a carry piece. So it's not an issue.
4. If it's a striker fire single action only, that locks the firing pin back under spring tension when the slide is racked, then I won't carry one in the chamber. See #3. But a striker fire that is double action and the firing pin isn't held back under spring tension waiting to be released, I will carry one chambered. Again, the single action version I wouldn't carry anyway.
So the answer isn't a simple yes or no. There are certain guns, that if I had to carry because that's all I have, I wouldn't carry it with one in the chamber. But there are some that I would. It depends on the gun. My preference is SA/DA with a decocker. My Sig p220, CZ-82, Walther PPK, and AP-MBP (Walther clone) are all weapons that can be decocked and brought to double action. Those are what I carry with one in the pipe. But I won't carry my 1911A1 springfield cocked and locked. Not going to happen. But I will carry it loaded with the hammer down.